Chemical Analysis

Magnetic Particles

12 February 2025

Penetrating liquids

12 February 2025

Positive Material Identification (PMI) analysis provides insight into the chemical composition of the material. This type of inspection does not compromise or damage the material being examined, so it is mostly used on components already installed or in operation using portable instrumentation.

LIBS ANALYZERS

Portable analyzer that measures carbon in steels, stainless steels and other alloys. It boasts SciAps' patented LIBS technology in an argon gas analysis environment.

SciAps Z902C Libs Analyzers

LIBS =Laser Induced BreakdownSpectroscopy.

LIBS technology enables both qualitative and quantitative analysis by means of the optical spectrum emitted by the plasma generated by the interaction between a high-power laser radiation and the sample. In the most common case, the sample will be a metal alloy, steel, stainless steel. During plasma expansion, inelastic electron collisions with heavy particles drive the main processes of binding electron transition between different energy levels, while the concentration of charged particles within the plasma is controlled by the processes of electron impact ionization and three-body recombination. One of the advantages and convenience is the use of the sample without the need for pretreatment.

SciAps Z902C LIBS (laser) is the only portable analyzer that can measure each element and meet all residual requirements for HF alkylation units in refineries.
The Z902C can determine the sum of Cr, Ni and Cu with the following conditions:

If carbon <0.18%, then Ni + Cu <0,15%{{{wpml_tag_3}}} {{{wpml_tag_4}}}Se il carbonio> = 0.18%, then Cr + Ni + Cu <0.15%.

and also determine the additional elements and constraints:

Nb <0.02
V <0,02
Nb + V <0.03%.
EC (carbon equivalents) <0.43

Historically, operators have used handheld X-ray guns to perform positive material identification (PMI) for HF alkylation units. While portable X-rays are not capable of measuring carbon content, it was preferred because it is much easier to use and much more portable than the carbon-grade spark OES technology. What has changed is that now the portable LIBS technology puts OES spark power into a handheld and can measure carbon as well as other metals including Cr, Ni, Cu. The advantage of portable LIBS is that if C <0.18%, the more relaxed RE requirement of Ni% + Cu% <0.15% can be used

How does LIBS technology work?

LIBS =Laser Induced BreakdownSpectroscopy.

LIBS technology enables both qualitative and quantitative analysis by means of the optical spectrum emitted by the plasma generated by the interaction between a high-power laser radiation and the sample. In the most common case, the sample will be a metal alloy, steel, stainless steel. During plasma expansion, inelastic electron collisions with heavy particles drive the main processes of binding electron transition between different energy levels, while the concentration of charged particles within the plasma is controlled by the processes of electron impact ionization and three-body recombination. One of the advantages and convenience is theuse of the sample without the need for pretreatment.